Sunday, September 09, 2012

"OVERPLAY," YOU SAY? :: Tips for Tight Teams by Sandy Hoffman

“We’ve all been overplaying our instruments!” she exclaimed. One of my students during a session in a recent Worship Works! Workshop enjoyed this great revelation. “We sound so much better when each of us plays or sings less and leaves room for other team members to contribute as they’re inspired. It seems to make the entire experience more satisfying. And instantly, we sound like professionals. Wow! All we have to do is: don’t!” Bingo! The light bulb illuminated, and the class was well on its way to understanding team dynamics and the under-fruitfulness of overplaying. “Overplay,” You say? “Lick hogs,” be gone!!

What an exciting moment when worship musicians grasp the concept that no individual has to be the whole band. We get to enjoy the pleasure of contributing to the big “praise picture.” At the same time, we relax and appreciate the contributions of the other worship musicians around us. Whew! What a relief. The weight of the entire worship ministry is not upon a single set of shoulders. It should be evenly distributed among all team members, and consequently becomes bearable for both the player/singers and the listeners. No one is covering all. When each-one-plays-less, worship becomes a total team effort. The result is a sparser, cleaner sound, uncluttered by overplay, and rendered effectively non-distracting. That’s when we point to Jesus! 

THE CHINESE CELLO CHAPTER
There once was a Chinese cello. It was a lovely little instrument, well crafted with a reddish hue in the finish. On stage, it fairly glowed in the glare of the bright spotlights. But the poor thing had one very sad and distinguishing quality: it possessed only a modest, quiet little voice. 

For months, the ambitious cellist tried to integrate this soft-spoken instrument into the piano trio with which he played. With his right arm he bowed the strings as hard as he could, working aggressively to force more volume from the instrument. Blisters and callouses developed on his thumb and index finger as he applied every bit of downward pressure he could muster. No improvement. He made longer, more intentional bow strokes. Still the cello-voice became no louder! The more he overdrove the instrument, the less it seemed to respond. Instead, it seemed to shut down, resistant to the demands of the player. Frustration had nearly established itself permanently when one last solution came to mind: “What if I lighten up and allow this decibel challenged cello to sing with it’s own sweet voice in it’s own sweet way? Rather than try to force more sound out of it than it actually has to offer, why not gently coax it to be the best it can ever be?” Suddenly, from the shy little violoncello, there arose a beauty and authority of sound, which was never before imagined. The transformation was accomplished, not by playing more, but by playing less!

Is it possible our worship teams could learn from this challenged cello? Are we filled with wonderful potential, but overplaying and singing to compensate for some perceived limitations, real or imagined? Maybe all we really need to do is lighten up and allow the team to be, like the cello, it’s “own sweet self.” True professionals understand the importance of not overplaying. Why can’t we, who are mostly amateur volunteers, apply that same wisdom and enjoy the profound transformational benefits? I believe we can!

THE PRODUCER PRINCIPLE
In recording, the producer is the one who gives overall vision and direction to the project. Have you ever watched an experienced producer work in the studio? One of the giftings you’ll observe, which seems common to the best producers, is to know intuitively just how much of what is recorded to actually keep in the final edited product. The “producer principle” is this: allow musicians in the studio to create, imagine, and yes, overplay. Record multiple takes of solos (instrumental and vocal). Capture thick layers of background vocals and doubling. Go a bit overboard adding percussion instruments, guitar and keyboard fills and licks, special effects, etc. The experienced producer understands that after the sessions are over, and the creative dust has settled, there will be time to listen, consider, and edit all those overplayed/over layered tracks into a sparse, clean, professional presentation, worthy of the producer’s reputation.

Why not apply this producer principle to our own worship teams? Working in the slightly different context of rehearsals, let’s allow for a bit of overplaying and singing. We then edit out the excesses through good direction and agreeable, diplomatic communication. We discuss in rehearsal which parts to keep and which ones are over the top. We snip and trim until we arrive at clean music arrangements based on professional paradigms. We create space and time within our tunes for dynamic expressions of worship. In this way, we build interesting arrangements, ranging anywhere from single instrument accompaniments to all-stops-out jamming.

INSTRUMENTAL SPARSITY & VOCAL VARIATION
Finally, let’s remember that music consists of both notes and rests. These share equal importance in any musical endeavor. “Resting” should not be considered an insult or a demotion to any worship team member. Rests provide for the creation of more moving song arrangements. They are built-in boundaries, which help to keep us from overplaying and over singing. Like any other great musical composition, worship songs include alternating periods of silence, which add to the drama, expression, and dynamics of the worship time.

Always be aware that the more players and singers who are on the stage at any given time, the less each one needs to contribute to the overall production. No one needs to stick out like a sore thumb. No one should behave as though they have a monopoly on stage presence or volume. Everyone has an open door to express the depths of their passion for Jesus in an orderly, musical manner. There’s no grandstanding, posturing, or drawing attention unnecessarily to the individual. Instead, everyone is blended, deferred, and unified, drawing attention to Jesus. It doesn’t get any better than that! When we apply instrumental sparsity and vocal variation to worship settings, overplaying disappears and distractions are eliminated in favor of musical polish and the pursuit of the One who created us to worship Him in the first place. We should never feel awkward on stage about simply hanging out in His presence. Even if our particular musical part, by virtue of rests, doesn’t come in ‘til half way through the song, we are still leading others into worship—if only by our countenance and our obvious passion for Jesus. And that’s enough.

Resting in Him,
Sandy 

Sandy Hoffman serves the worship community in Santa Fe, NM where he is the director of

Saturday, February 25, 2012

Charts: Worth the Effort!

From 'The Band' article by Tom Lane, found in Worship Musician Magazine.
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One thing that's proven true for me is I never regret putting time and effort into being prepared. My bad dreams usually involve me showing up for a gig and my amp and guitar are miles away, and I have to carry them up hill-through the snow-both ways before we count off a tune in 2 minutes. Crazy! But it shows that I hate being caught unprepared for sure.

It's hard to be critical of those who volunteer their time every week to be involved in worship at their churches. Above all else, it's a sacrifice that God sees and that's what matters. Yet there are things we can do better, which help the overall excellence factor with our music. If we're doing all we can do already, then that's all anyone can ask. Obviously we have lives to live and greater priorities than the worship team. But given that we're counting the costs, setting good boundaries, and doing what we commit to do... there's more we can do! For one thing we can prepare our music.

For most teams, the band has rotating members, making it hard to have consistency. Charts are normally words with chords above them which tell you little about the song unless you already know it or play through it a few times. Even when you know a song, playing with different leaders the same chart will likely be different. As a rule of thumb I like to know the road map before driving down the road. I can wing it no problem, and sometimes you have to, but it's better to have a heads up, especially if you're serving different leaders. I prefer a real chart with bars, repeats, notation, etc. As a leader, if I want my band to follow I should provide them with cues or charts with notation or specific marks or else give them the freedom to "wing it and fly by the seat of their pants" without letting it bug me.

The "All Skate" approach to a song is not my favorite. It means that a band is really just getting through the song, playing without considering what the rest are doing. Very little dynamics or thought put into specific parts. Just rhythm, chords, and everyone playing all the time, all the way through. It's best to play much less, at least until you know what's going on and make notes for the sections of a song. Even if you're not a reader you can make notes.

At the very least I do something like this for each song:

Song Title
Key= E, 4/4
I (Intro)- melody line
1v- pad/ethereal
2v- chunk
C- eighth notes, w/delay
3v- driving/bigger
C- power chords/Big!
O (Outro)- melody line, ends on 4


To not know where you are or what you're playing is simply winging it. Again, that's fine but if it affects other players or hinders the overall picture, then just do some homework! More often than not, I actually chart out a song onto one page using the Nashville Number system which assigns a number for chords and doesn't require re-charting to change keys.

So here's how simple a chart can be.

Mighty To Save
Key= G, 4/4
I     ||: 4   1   6-   5 :||
1v   ||: 4   1   6-   5 :||
           4   5    4/6  5/7
C    ||: 1   5   4 1   6-  5 :||
2v   same
C    same    /  /  /  /  >
B    ||:  4  1   5  6-   4  1   5 :||   5
C   same/down
C   Big!
*Underlining a bar means it’s a true split bar unless otherwise notated. Meaning in 4/4 time each chord gets half of the count = 2 beats.

Good players can play a chart down having never heard the song and still make it sound good. Not every leader provides good charts and that's why I've learned to write my own. I'm not the best reader out there but I compensate for my limitations by putting forth the needed effort. It's not about know everything, it's knowing what you need to know to do your best!

Over time it becomes second nature and instinctive. In the time it takes to learn to use your cell phone you can learn the number system. At a glance here's how it works: * For a more comprehensive look see: Chas Williams, "The Nashville Number System."

Scale in the key of C...
1=C, 2=D, 3=E, 4=F, 5=G, 6=A, 7=B

For keys with sharps and flats: Note, we don't normally write out sharp chords, we use the flat of the normal number for each chord in the scale. eg. in key of D: the normal 3 chord is F#, if you play an F it is called the flat 3 (b3) instead of 2#, and the normal 7 which is C# is called the flat 7 (b7) instead of 6#.

Scale in the key of D
1=D, b2=D#, 2=E, b3=F, 3=F#, 4=G, b5=G#, 5=A, b6=A#, 6=B, b7=C, 7=C#

Scores are great but I find most can't read them or they're so long you need two stands on stage to see them. Most worship songs really can be reduced to a one-page chart. However, for songs with hits, riffs, and other notation, a score is likely best. Most Nashville Number charts I see actually notate the rhythms and accents above the bar as needed and that usually suffices. Find what works best for the team you're leading or teach them how to read!

The way I look at it, even if you’re a band doing your own thing, the more work you put into charting out your songs coming into a rehearsal, the more your own ideas become solidified. For leaders, the best thing you can do for your team is take time to commit your thoughts and needs to paper; leaving far less to imagination and improv unless that’s what you desire.

A great thing about worship is that it’s about heart more than our skills or rules. There’s a lot of room to be creative, expressive, improvisational, and spontaneous. I find the more prepared I am, the more I can let go and be flexible to enjoy the presence of God and making the music.

A lot of other people's time is wasted simply because someone doesn’t take the time to prepare. Try to not let it be you!

(Nashville, TN is home for Tom Lane though he is involved in ministry and music around the world. As a singer, songwriter and guitar player, Tom has been teamed with worship leaders and artists. He continues to record his own work, lead worship, and writes regularly for various worship publications worldwide).
This article appeared originally in the September/October 2011 issue of Worship Musician Magazine.

Tuesday, January 03, 2012

Great Tools for Improving Your Project Studio


Here’s the latest from the Garaffice studio (garage/ office). A few tid-bits about some gear I’m using...

REFERENCE MONITORS
KH 120A nearfield monitors, Neumann

Last November at our Christian Musician Summit conference, Kent Margraves from Sennheiser hooked me up with a pair of KH 120 active studio monitor speakers from Neumann. In 2010, Neumann assumed the product line from Klein + Hummel speakers. As you might expect from the industry’s leading transducer manufacturer, along with the incredible sound quality of K+H, these nearfield monitors are second to none in performance.

At first listen, I was very impressed by the frequency response from these small boxes. There was no coloring in the spectrum. It was a very flat and real reproduction of the sound source. As Kent Margraves warned me, “you’ll want to remix everything you’ve done, because you’ll hear things in your mix that you never heard before!” It’s true. The highs are transparent and clear and the lows are solid and punchy.

Another thing I love about these little guys (5.25” low frequency driver, and 1” high-frequency driver) is that you can adjust the acoustic response of the speakers based on your own environment to get the truest sound possible. There are switches on the back that enable you to adjust bass, lo-mid, and high EQ. So, if you’re speakers are up against a wall (like mine), you can reduce your bass by -2.5dB, -5dB or -7.5dB. Or if you have a large desk between your sitting position and the speakers, you can adjust those troublesome lo-mids. In the quick start documentation, it gives you some help on how to make good decisions here.

The KH 120’s include a Mathematically Modeled Dispersion (MMD) waveguide which helps create a very large sweet spot for the listening position. Very handy for a project studio. They are powered with 100W bi-amped for each driver and are shielded for use next to your video monitors. They come with a low & high limiter to protect the speakers, very wise.

KH 120’s are the best sounding reference monitors I’ve ever used! They sell for $750 each.


DIGITAL AUDIO WORKSTATION
StudioOne 2, PreSonus

For a couple years now, I have been exclusively using PreSonus’ StudioOne software. Recently, they released version 2... Wow!

I’ve already converted a few ProTools users, and I’m on a mission to change the industry standard. StudioOne Version 2 is far and away the best DAW I’ve ever used. The workflow is intuitive and fast with drag & drop functionality that just makes total sense! And with improvements like integrated Melodyne pitch correction, transient detection & editing/quantization, and multi-track/ layered comping tools, StudioOne makes tracking and editing a breeze! Not to mention the audio quality with 64-bit processing (even on 32-bit machines).

I’ve always loved the built-in project mastering portion of StudioOne. Now, mastering requires skill and a well set-up room and reference monitors... yet with the ‘Project’ side of StudioOne 2, it makes the process of mastering attainable in a project studio. Mixes are updated automatically, and you can prep your masters with Red Book CD burning standards, and also create digital releases.

StudioOne 2 comes with a plethora of great plug-ins, instruments & effects, as well. They are all outfitted with some great presets to get you pointed in the right direction. The pro version sells for $399, and you can get a great audio interface like the PreSonus AudioBox 1818VSL for $499 (look for a review of that soon).


AUDIO PLUG-INS
Chris Lord-Alge and Tony Maserati Signature Collections, Waves


Waves plug-ins are well-known for their high quality, and they are preferred by many top-notch producers and engineers, including yours truly :) (not that I’m top- notch, I just like ‘em).

I had an opportunity to audition Waves’ new Signature series bundles inspired by 4 great engineers; Chris Lord-Alge, Jack Joseph Puig, Eddie Kramer, and Tony Maserati.

The purpose behind these 4 collections was to give engineers several ‘application specific’ plug-ins (e.g. vocals, guitar, bass, drums) inspired by world- class engineers who use Waves. They are great for beginner engineers who are still figuring out compression ratios and appropriate EQ settings in various applications. However, this is not to say that they are only for the inexperienced... many pros jump to these plug-ins when they’re looking for that ‘sound’ and they don’t have time for tweaking.

I absolutely fell in love with 2 of the bundles, the Chris Lord-Alge (U2, Creed, Foo Fighters...) and the Tony Maserati collections (Black Eyed Peas, Beyoncé, John Legend, Jason Mraz...). Both the CLA Bass and the CLA Vocals are go-to plug-ins for me. The Maserati Group Processor (EQ/ Comp) is a must-have in just about all of my busses, as well as in mastering. And the Maserati Acoustic Guitar Designer does wonders for dull strings!

The controls are simplified, yet powerful enough to give you the kind of results these great engineers get every time, drawing from their favorite Waves plug-ins. MSRP for each is $500, but they usually list around $375-$400.


MICROPHONE
TLM 102, Neumann

The TLM 102, shown in the picture above, is a workhorse of a mic, and it’s perfect for a serious project studio. If you only have enough money for one great mic, get this one, and you’ll be surprised by what you get for the money!

It’s a simple condenser mic with no switches, but it contains all of the superior quality that you’d expect from Neumann. It has a large-diaphragm cardiod capsule with a max SPL of 144dB. I use it on loud guitar amps, but also on the most critical sound sources like vocals and acoustic guitar. It has a slight boost above 6kHz that helps with vocal presence, and honestly, I rarely adjust EQ with this mic... maybe high pass filtering, but that’s about it. This gem sells for only $700.

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These are all great tools to help you get better results in the studio, but simply having great gear does not make one a great producer/engineer... Do like I do, and learn from those who are better than you and keep moving forward. As with any hobby or profession, there’s always more to learn! Matt Kees, Director of CMS Productions, is a free- lance producer, endorsed by Neumann/Sennheiser and PreSonus. Visit www.mattkees.com or www.producedbymattkees.com